Haldi (Curcuma longa): A Versatile Spice and Medicinal Herb Unveiled

Introduction:

Turmeric, scientifically known as Curcuma longa and commonly referred to as Haldi, is a vibrant and aromatic spice that has captured the attention of cultures worldwide for centuries. Renowned for its warm flavor and distinctive yellow hue, Haldi is more than just a culinary delight. It holds a significant place in history, culture, and traditional medicine due to its diverse range of benefits.

Originating from the Indian subcontinent, Haldi has traversed continents and found its way into the hearts and kitchens of people across the globe. Its remarkable properties have not only tantalized taste buds but have also made it a beloved ingredient in traditional rituals, medicinal practices, and scientific research.

In this article, we will delve into the captivating world of Haldi, exploring its historical and cultural significance, its botanical characteristics, and the extensive array of health benefits it offers. We will uncover its role in traditional cuisines, its applications in traditional medicine systems, and the fascinating research surrounding this golden spice. So, let's embark on a journey to discover the wonders of Haldi and unlock the secrets it holds for our well-being and culinary pleasures.

Historical and Cultural Significance:

Throughout history, Haldi has been cherished and celebrated in various cultures for its versatility and numerous beneficial properties. Let's explore its rich historical usage and its significance in culinary traditions, religious rituals, and medicinal applications.

Culinary Traditions:

Haldi has an indelible place in culinary traditions around the world. It’s warm and earthy flavor adds depth and complexity to dishes, making it a staple spice in many cuisines. In Indian cuisine, Haldi is an essential ingredient in curries, spice blends like curry powder, and pickles. It is also used to lend a golden color to rice dishes like biryanis. In Southeast Asian cuisines, such as Thai and Indonesian, it is widely used in curry pastes, soups, and stir-fries. Haldi's distinct flavor and color make it a beloved spice in both traditional and modern recipes.

Religious Rituals:

Haldi holds great religious significance in various cultures and religious practices. In Indian culture, it plays a vital role in weddings, where it is applied to the bride and groom's bodies in a ceremonial pre-wedding ritual called the Haldi ceremony. The bright yellow paste of Haldi is believed to bring blessings, purify the couple, and bestow a radiant glow.

Medicinal Applications:

Haldi has been utilized for its medicinal properties for thousands of years. In traditional medicine systems like Ayurveda and traditional Chinese medicine, Haldi is highly regarded for its therapeutic benefits. It is believed to have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties. Haldi has been used to alleviate digestive issues, promote liver health, and support the immune system. It is also used externally to soothe skin conditions and promote wound healing. The active compound in Haldi, curcumin, has been the subject of extensive scientific research due to its potential health benefits.

 

The historical usage of Haldi in various cultures and its importance in culinary traditions, religious rituals, and medicinal applications showcase its profound influence on different aspects of human life. It continues to captivate and inspire people around the world, making it a truly remarkable spice with a rich cultural heritage.

Botanical Description:

The Haldi plant, scientifically known as Curcuma longa, belongs to the Zingiberaceae family, which also includes ginger and cardamom. Let's explore the physical appearance of the Haldi plant and its habitat, growth conditions, and cultivation methods.

Physical Appearance:

Haldi is a perennial herbaceous plant with rhizomes, which are thick, underground stems that store nutrients and serve as the plant's primary storage organ. The plant can reach a height of around 1 meter (3 feet) and consists of broad, lance-shaped leaves that grow in a two-ranked arrangement. The leaves are alternate and possess a distinct midrib.

The rhizomes of the Haldi plant are the most sought-after part. They are tuberous, cylindrical in shape, and typically measure around 2-5 cm (0.8-2 inches) in length. The rhizomes have a rough, scaly texture, and their color varies from pale yellow to deep orange, depending on the maturity and variety of the plant.

Habitat and Growth Conditions:

Haldi is native to the Indian subcontinent and thrives in tropical and subtropical regions. It is particularly well-suited to grow in temperatures between 20 to 30 degrees Celsius (68 to 86 degrees Fahrenheit). The plant requires a well-drained soil rich in organic matter for optimal growth.

While Haldi can tolerate a range of soil types, it prefers loamy or sandy soils with a pH level between 5.5 and 7.5. It also requires a significant amount of rainfall, around 1500-2500 mm (59-98 inches) annually, or access to irrigation to maintain proper moisture levels in the soil.

Cultivation Methods:

Haldi is primarily propagated through its rhizomes. The rhizomes are planted in prepared beds or containers, usually during the rainy season or early summer. They should be planted at a depth of 5-7 cm (2-3 inches) with the bud facing upwards.

The plant requires regular watering, especially during the initial growth stages. However, excessive waterlogging should be avoided to prevent rotting of the rhizomes. Haldi plants benefit from partial shade, as direct sunlight can scorch the leaves.

Harvesting of Haldi typically takes place after 7-10 months, when the leaves turn yellow and the rhizomes are mature. The rhizomes are carefully dug out of the soil, cleaned, and dried before being processed into powder or used fresh.

 

The physical appearance of the Haldi plant, its preference for tropical and subtropical habitats, and its cultivation requirements highlight its adaptability and resilience. These characteristics contribute to its widespread cultivation in suitable regions around the world.

Chemical Composition:

Haldi (Curcuma longa) contains a diverse array of chemical constituents that contribute to its distinct flavor, vibrant color, and numerous health benefits. Let's explore the key compounds found in Haldi and highlight the primary active compound, curcumin, along with its therapeutic properties.

Curcuminoids:

The most notable group of compounds found in Haldi are curcuminoids, which include curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin. Curcumin is the primary and most studied curcuminoid, accounting for approximately 2-5% of the total weight of Haldi.

Curcumin:

Curcumin is a bright yellow pigment responsible for the characteristic color of Haldi. It possesses remarkable antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties. Studies have shown that curcumin exhibits potential benefits in promoting heart health, supporting brain function, reducing the risk of chronic diseases, and modulating the immune system. It is also known for its ability to inhibit certain enzymes and signaling pathways involved in inflammation and oxidative stress.

Essential Oils:

Haldi contains essential oils that contribute to its aromatic properties. These oils are composed of various compounds, including turmerone, atlantone, and zingiberene, which give Haldi its distinctive fragrance. The essential oils in Haldi also have antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects.

Vitamins and Minerals:

Haldi contains a range of vitamins and minerals, albeit in smaller quantities. It is a good source of vitamin C, vitamin E, and several B vitamins, including niacin, riboflavin, and vitamin B6. Additionally, Haldi contains minerals such as calcium, potassium, iron, manganese, and zinc, which are essential for various bodily functions.

Fiber and Phytonutrients:

Haldi is also a source of dietary fiber, which aids in digestion and supports gut health. It contains phytonutrients, including flavonoids and polyphenols, which possess antioxidant properties and contribute to the overall health benefits of Haldi.

 

Curcumin, the primary active compound in Haldi, has garnered significant attention due to its potential therapeutic properties. Its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects make it a subject of interest in the field of natural medicine and scientific research. However, it is important to note that the bioavailability of curcumin is relatively low, and its absorption can be enhanced by consuming it with black pepper or fats.

While curcumin is a standout compound in Haldi, it is worth noting that the collective interaction of various compounds and nutrients in Haldi contributes to its overall health benefits. These chemical constituents work synergistically to provide the broad range of therapeutic properties associated with Haldi consumption.

Health Benefits:

Haldi (Curcuma longa) consumption has been associated with numerous health benefits, supported by scientific research. Let's explore some of the key benefits and the evidence supporting its potential anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties.

Anti-Inflammatory Effects:

Haldi is known for its potent anti-inflammatory properties. Curcumin, the primary active compound in Haldi, has been extensively studied for its ability to inhibit various molecules and pathways involved in inflammation. Scientific studies have demonstrated curcumin's potential in reducing inflammation associated with chronic conditions such as arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, and cardiovascular diseases.

For example, a study published found that curcumin supplementation significantly reduced joint pain and swelling in individuals with rheumatoid arthritis. Another showed that curcumin can inhibit the activation of inflammatory markers in the body.

Antioxidant Activity:

Haldi exhibits powerful antioxidant effects, which help protect the body against oxidative stress and damage caused by free radicals. Curcumin, as a potent antioxidant, scavenges free radicals and helps neutralize their harmful effects. This antioxidant activity has been linked to potential benefits for cardiovascular health, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer prevention.

In a study published, curcumin was found to enhance antioxidant enzyme activity and reduce oxidative stress in patients with major depressive disorder. Another study demonstrated the antioxidant properties of curcumin in protecting against neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.

Antimicrobial Effects:

Haldi has shown promising antimicrobial properties against a variety of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Curcumin, along with other compounds present in Haldi, exhibits antibacterial, antiviral, and antifungal activities. These properties may contribute to its traditional use in wound healing and as a natural remedy for various infections.

A study published investigated the antimicrobial activity of curcumin against various strains of bacteria, including drug-resistant strains. The results indicated that curcumin exhibited potent antibacterial effects, inhibiting the growth of multiple bacterial species. Other studies have also highlighted the antiviral potential of curcumin against viruses like hepatitis, influenza, and herpes.

 

It is important to note that while scientific studies support the potential health benefits of Haldi and its active compound curcumin, further research is still needed to fully understand their mechanisms of action and therapeutic applications in various health conditions. However, the existing evidence suggests that Haldi consumption may offer significant advantages in promoting overall well-being and maintaining good health.

Culinary Uses:

Haldi (Curcuma longa) is not only prized for its health benefits but also plays a crucial role in enhancing the flavors and colors of various cuisines. Let's explore the culinary applications of Haldi and its role as a spice and food coloring agent in different culinary traditions. We will also mention popular dishes where Haldi is prominently used.

Spice:

Haldi is widely recognized as a versatile spice, imparting a distinct earthy and slightly bitter flavor to dishes. It is a staple ingredient in Indian cuisine and features prominently in spice blends like curry powder, garam masala, and turmeric paste. It’s warm and aromatic notes complement a wide range of ingredients, making it a popular choice in both vegetarian and non-vegetarian dishes.

Food Coloring Agent:

Haldi is known for its vibrant yellow color, which adds visual appeal to dishes. It is often used as a natural food coloring agent, providing a rich golden hue to various culinary creations. Chefs and home cooks alike utilize Haldi to enhance the appearance of rice dishes, curries, soups, sauces, and pickles. In addition to its color, Haldi also imparts a subtle flavor to the food.

Popular Dishes:

Indian Cuisine:

Curry: Haldi is an essential spice in a wide range of Indian curries, such as curry, Butter Chicken, Chicken Tikka Masala, and Aloo Gobi.

Biryani: Haldi is used to flavor and color the fragrant rice dishes like Vegetable Biryani and Chicken Biryani.

Dal: Haldi is added to lentil-based dishes like Dal Tadka and Dal Makhani for its flavor and color.

Southeast Asian Cuisine:

Thai Curry: Haldi is a common ingredient in Thai curries, such as Yellow Curry, lending its yellow color and mild flavor to the dish.

Indonesian Cuisine: In Indonesian cuisine, Haldi is used in dishes like Nasi Kuning (Yellow Rice) and Rendang, a flavorful meat curry.

Middle Eastern and Mediterranean Cuisine:

Turmeric Rice: Haldi is added to rice dishes like Persian Zereshk Polo (Barberry Rice) and Middle Eastern Turmeric Rice, imparting a beautiful golden color.

Spice Blends: Haldi is a component of popular spice blends like Ras el Hanout and Za'atar, used in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines.

 

Haldi's versatile nature allows it to seamlessly integrate into various culinary traditions. Its warm flavor and vibrant color make it a beloved spice, adding depth and visual appeal to a wide array of dishes, from curries and rice dishes to soups and spice blends.

Traditional and Medicinal Uses:

Haldi (Curcuma longa) has a long history of traditional and medicinal uses in various cultures around the world. Let's explore its role in traditional medicine systems like Ayurveda and traditional Chinese medicine, as well as its use for digestive issues, skin conditions, and as an immune booster.

Ayurveda:

Haldi holds a prominent place in Ayurveda, an ancient Indian holistic healing system. In Ayurvedic medicine, Haldi is considered a potent herb with a range of therapeutic properties. It is believed to balance all three doshas (Vata, Pitta, and Kapha) and is particularly associated with reducing excess Pitta.

Ayurvedic practitioners often recommend Haldi for digestive issues, such as indigestion, bloating, and gas. It is known to stimulate the production of digestive enzymes, promote the absorption of nutrients, and support healthy digestion.

Additionally, Haldi is utilized in Ayurvedic formulations and remedies for its potential anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and detoxifying properties. It is used in formulations targeting skin health, joint and muscle pain, and overall well-being.

Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM):

Haldi is also valued in traditional Chinese medicine, where it is known as Jiang Huang. According to TCM, Haldi possesses properties that help invigorate blood circulation, remove stagnation, and dispel dampness and heat from the body.

In TCM, Haldi is commonly used to address conditions associated with stagnant Qi (energy) and blood, such as menstrual disorders, pain, and swelling. It is also utilized for its potential to support liver health and promote healthy bile flow.

Digestive Issues:

Haldi has been traditionally used to alleviate various digestive issues. It is believed to stimulate the production of bile, which aids in the breakdown and absorption of fats. Haldi's anti-inflammatory properties are thought to soothe the digestive tract and reduce inflammation associated with conditions like irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and gastritis.

Skin Conditions:

Haldi has been used for centuries to address various skin conditions. Its anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties make it a popular natural remedy for acne, eczema, psoriasis, and other inflammatory skin conditions. It is often applied topically as a paste or incorporated into skincare products.

Immune Booster:

Haldi is regarded as an immune booster in traditional medicine systems. Its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties are believed to support a healthy immune response. Haldi is often consumed or used in remedies to enhance immunity, particularly during seasonal changes or periods of increased susceptibility to infections.

 

While traditional and anecdotal evidence support the use of Haldi for various health concerns, it's important to consult with healthcare professionals or qualified practitioners before using it for medicinal purposes. They can provide guidance on dosage, potential interactions, and ensure its safe and appropriate use based on individual health conditions.

Products with Haldi as an Ingredient:

In addition to its culinary and medicinal applications, Haldi is also utilized as an ingredient in various ayurvedic products designed to promote well-being and provide targeted relief. Here are some examples of products that incorporate Haldi:

Pilzac Tablets:

Pilzac Tablets are ayurvedic tablets specifically formulated to provide relief from piles. These tablets combine the therapeutic benefits of Haldi with other herbal ingredients, aiming to alleviate symptoms associated with piles and promote digestive health. It is recommended to follow the dosage instructions provided by the manufacturer or consult a healthcare professional.

Orthozac Syrup 200 ml:

Orthozac Syrup is an ayurvedic pain relief syrup that contains Haldi as one of its key ingredients. This syrup is formulated to help relieve various types of pain, including joint pain, muscle pain, and general body ache. Its unique blend of herbs, including Haldi, aims to provide natural pain relief. The recommended dosage and usage instructions can be found on the product packaging.

Research and Current Developments:

Haldi (Curcuma longa) has garnered significant attention in scientific research due to its potential health benefits and therapeutic properties. Recent studies have focused on exploring its various biological activities, uncovering new applications, and enhancing its bioavailability. Let's provide an overview of recent scientific research on Haldi and discuss ongoing studies and potential future applications.

Curcumin Research:

Curcumin, the primary active compound in Haldi, has been extensively studied for its wide-ranging effects. Recent research has focused on enhancing the bioavailability of curcumin, as its absorption in the body is relatively low. Scientists have explored different delivery systems, such as nanoemulsions and liposomes, to improve curcumin's bioavailability and increase its therapeutic potential.

Chronic Disease Prevention and Management:

Studies have investigated the potential of Haldi and curcumin in the prevention and management of chronic diseases. Research has shown promising results in areas such as cardiovascular health, diabetes management, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer prevention. Ongoing studies are further exploring these areas to better understand the mechanisms of action and optimize therapeutic approaches.

Gut Health and Microbiome:

Recent research has explored the impact of Haldi and curcumin on gut health and the gut microbiome. Studies have indicated that curcumin may positively influence gut microbial diversity, promoting a healthy gut microbiota. This area of research holds promise in understanding the potential of Haldi in managing gastrointestinal disorders and maintaining overall gut health.

Anti-Inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Effects:

The anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties of Haldi and curcumin have been extensively studied. Recent research has focused on elucidating the mechanisms by which curcumin modulates inflammatory pathways and immune responses. Ongoing studies are exploring the potential of Haldi and curcumin in managing inflammatory disorders, autoimmune diseases, and immune system dysregulation.

Combination Therapies and Synergistic Effects:

Researchers have been investigating the synergistic effects of curcumin when combined with other compounds or therapies. Studies have explored the potential synergies between curcumin and various natural compounds, as well as conventional medications, to enhance therapeutic outcomes and reduce side effects. This area of research offers potential for combination therapies and personalized approaches to treatment.

Future Applications:

The versatility and potential of Haldi extend beyond traditional uses. Ongoing research is exploring novel applications of Haldi and curcumin in areas such as wound healing, skin care, oral health, and drug delivery systems. Additionally, the development of curcumin-based nanoparticles and formulations holds promise for targeted delivery and improved bioavailability.

 

It's important to note that while significant progress has been made in understanding the potential of Haldi and curcumin, further research is still needed to fully unlock their therapeutic potential and explore their applications in various health conditions. Ongoing studies and future research hold promise for expanding our knowledge and discovering new ways to harness the benefits of Haldi for human health and well-being.

Precautions and Side Effects:

While Haldi (Curcuma longa) is generally considered safe for most people when consumed in moderate amounts as a spice or in culinary preparations, it's important to be aware of certain precautions and potential side effects. Here are some considerations regarding the use of Haldi:

Allergic Reactions: Some individuals may be allergic to Haldi. Allergic reactions can range from mild skin irritation to more severe symptoms such as hives, swelling, or difficulty breathing. If you have a known allergy to Haldi or other plants in the ginger family (Zingiberaceae), it is advisable to avoid Haldi consumption or use it with caution under medical supervision.

Interactions with Medications: Haldi may interact with certain medications. It is advisable to consult with a healthcare professional, particularly if you are taking any medicines.

It's important to note that the information provided here is not exhaustive, and it's always recommended to consult a healthcare professional or qualified practitioner before using Haldi medicinally, particularly if you have any underlying health conditions, are pregnant or breastfeeding, or are taking medications. They can provide personalized advice, considering your specific circumstances and potential interactions.

Conclusion:

Haldi (Curcuma longa) is a versatile spice and medicinal herb that has been celebrated for centuries. In this article, we explored various aspects of Haldi, highlighting its historical and cultural significance, botanical description, chemical composition, health benefits, culinary uses, traditional and medicinal uses, as well as recent scientific research.

Haldi holds immense importance in culinary traditions, adding flavor, color, and depth to dishes across different cuisines. It is a key ingredient in popular dishes like curries, rice dishes, and spice blends, enhancing the culinary experience.

Beyond its culinary applications, Haldi has a rich history in traditional medicine systems such as Ayurveda and traditional Chinese medicine. It has been traditionally used to address digestive issues, skin conditions, and support immune health. Recent scientific research has explored its potential in chronic disease management, gut health, inflammation, and beyond.

In conclusion, Haldi stands as a remarkable spice and medicinal herb with a wide range of benefits. Whether you are looking to add vibrant color and flavor to your dishes or explore its potential health benefits, Haldi offers an array of possibilities.

Embrace the wonders of Haldi and its potential to enhance both your culinary creations and your well-being.

Herbs Alphabetical List

Adraka (Zingiber Officinale), Agar Agar (Gelidium Amansii), Ajamoda (Carum Roxburghianum), Ajwain (Trachyspermum Ammi), Aloevera (Aloe Barbadensis), Alsi (Linum Usitatissimum), Amaltaas (Cassia Fistula), Amla (Emblica Officinalis), Amrapandhi haridra (Curcuma Amada) , Ananthamoola (Hemidesmus Indicus), Apamarg (Achyranthes Aspera), Arand Beej (Ricinus Communis), Arjun (Terminalia Arjuna), Ashoka (Saraca Indica), Ashwagandha (Withania Somnifera), Atibala         (Abutilon Indicum), Babool Gond (Acaia Arabica), Bael / Belpatre (Aegle Marmelos), Bahera (Terminalia Bellirica), Bansa (Adhatoda Vasica), Bavding (Embelia Ribes), Bharangi (Clerodendrum Serratum), Bhringaraj (Eclipta Alba), Bhuiamla (Phyllanthus Niruri), Bhutrina (Cymbopogon Citrastus), Bola (Commiphora Myrrha), Brahmi (Herpestis Monniera), Chandrashoor (Lepidium Sativum), Chameli (Jasminum Officinale), Chirayta (Swertia Chirata), Chirongi Oil (Buchanania Latifolia), Chitra (Plumbago Zeylanica), Dadima Beej (Punica Granatum), Dalchini  (Cinnamomum Zeylanicum), Daruhaldi (Berberis Aristate), Devdaru (Cedrus Deodara), Dhataki (Woodfordia Fruticosa), Draksha (Vitis Vinifera), Gairik (Ochre), Gajar (Daucus Carota), Gali Pan / Paan (Betel Pepper), Gandhpura Oil (Gaultheria Fragrantissima), Garlic Shuddha (Allium Sativum), Goat Milk, Wheat Grass Oil (Triticum Sativum), Gokharu (Tribulus Terrestris), Gorakhganja (Aerva Lanata), Gudmar (Gymnema Sylvestre), Guduchi (Tinosora Cordifolia), Gulab (Rosa Centifolia), Gular (Ficus Glomerata Roxb.), Hadjod (Cissus Quadranglaris), Haldi (Curcuma Longa), Hansraj  (Adiantum Lunulatum), Harad (Terminalia Chebula), Harshingar (Nyctanthes Arbor-Tristis), Hingu (Ferula Ashafoetida), Honey, Indrajaw (Holarrhena Antidysenterica), Ispaghul Husk (Plantago Ovata), Jaiphal (Myristica Fragrans), Jamun (Eugenia Jambolana), Jarul (Lagerstroemia Flos-Reginae Retz), Jatamansi (Nardostachys Jatamansi), Java Kushum (Hibiscus Rosasinensis), Jeera (Cuminum Cyminum), Jyotishmati (Celastrus Paniculatus), Kakarsingi (Pistacia Integerrima), Kali Mirach (Piper Nigrum), Kallaungi (Nigella Sativa), Kalmegh (Andrographis Peniculata), Kantkari (Solanum Xanthocarpum), Kapoor (Cinnamomum Camphora), Kapoor Tulsi (Ocimum Americanum), Karanja (Pongamia Glabra), Karela (Momordica Charantia), Kasni (Cichorium Intybus), Kaunch Beej (Mucuna Pruriens), Khadir (Acacia Catechu), Khatmi (Althaea Officinalis), Kiwi (Actinidia Deliciosa), Kulattha (Dolichos Biflorus), Kumkum/Kesar (Crocus Sativas), Kuth (Saussurea Costus), Kutki (Picrorhiza Kurroa), Lajjalu Mool (Mimosa Pudica), Laksha (Laccifer Lacca), Lal Chandan (Pterocarpus Santalinus), Lata Karanj (Caesalpinia Bonducella Fleming), Lavang (Caryophyllus Aromaticus), Lodhra (Symplocos Racemosa), Makoy (Solanum Nigrum), Manjishtha (Rubia Cordifolia), Mehandi Pan (Lawsonia Alba), Methi (Trigonella Foenum-Graecum), Mooli (Raphanus Sativus), Mulethi (Glycyrrhiza Glabra), Mundi (Sphaeranthus Indicus), Mustaka (Cyperus Rotundus), Nagar Moth (Cyperus Scariosus), Nagbala (Sida Veronicaefolia), Nagkesar (Mesua Ferrea), Naryan/Coconut Oil (Cocos Nucifera) , Neem (Azadirachta Indica), Nilgiri Oil (Eucalyptus Glabulus), Nimbu (Citrus Limon), Nirgundi (Vitex Negundo), Nisoth (Ipomoea Turpethum), Oyester Shell, Padmaka (Prunus Puddum), Palash (Butea Frondosa), Papaya (Carica Papaya), Pashanh Bedh (Coleus Aromaticus), Pipal (Ficus Religiosa), Pipli (Piper Longum), Pitpara (Fumaria Officinalis), Pudina (Mentha Piperata), Punarnava (Boerhaavia Diffusa), Pushkar Mool (Inula Racemosa), Rama Tulsi (Ocimum Gratissimum), Rasana (Pluchea Lanceolata), Revand Chini (Rheum Emodi), Roheda (Tecomella Undulata), Rosary Tulsi (Ocimum Canum), Saindhav Lavan (Chloride of Sodium), Salaki (Boswellia Serrata), Sanay (Cassia Angustifolia), Saunf (Foeniculum Vulgare), Sevam (Pyrus Malus), Shankpushpi (Convolvulus Pluricaulis), Sharpunkha (Tephrosia Purpurea), Shatavari (Asparagus Racemosus), Shetal Chini (Piper Cubeba), Shigru (Moringa Pterygosperma), Shudh Kuchla (Strychnos Nux Vomica Linn), Shyama Tulsi (Ocimum Tenuiflorum), Shyonak (Oroxylum Indicum), Siras (Albizzia Lebbeck Benth), Somlata (Ephedra Vulgaris), Soya Been Oil (Glycine Max), St John's Wort Ext. (Hypericum Perforatum), Sudh Guggul (Balsamodendron Mukul), Sudh Shilajeet (Asphaltum Punjabinum),  Sukshmela (Elettaria Cardamomum), Suranjan Siri (Colchicum Luteum), Svet Chandan (Santalum Album), Svet Moosali (Asparagus Adscenden), Tagar (Valeriana Wallichii), Tejpatra (Cinnamomum Tamala), Terpentine Oil (Pinus Palustris), Til Oil (Sesamum Indicum), Tulsi (Ocimum Sanctum), Ulathkamal (Ambroma Augusta), Vach (Acorus Calamus), Vidari (Pueraria Tuberosa), Van Tulsi (Ocimum Basilicum), Varuna (Crataeva Nurvala), Vijaysaar (Pterocarpus Marsupium), Zoofa (Hyssopus Officinalis)